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PRINTING PROCESS
   
Links for examples for early printing processes.
 
Definitions:  http://www.faqs.org/ologies-isms/Occ-Pot/Photography.html
 
Collotype:
The collotype process was used by numerous postcard printers at the turn-of-the-century, particularly for their monotone black orders. Some of the publishers of Hamilton postcards who ordered collotype cards were: B.C. Printing and Litho. Ltd., Vancouver; Cloke & Sons, Publishers, Hamilton; The International Stationery Co., Picton; and Stanley Mills & Co., Hamilton. The collotype process is described in A Guide to Early Photographic Processes as follows:
 
Collotype Printing (early 1870's to date)
A photomechanical printing process in which a metal or glass plate, coated with bichromated gelatin, was exposed under a negative. When the moistened gelatin dried, it reticulated, forming a fine-grained mesh-like structure on the surface, which took up greasy ink in proportion to the hardening produced by exposure. The ink was then transferred from the plate to paper, in a press. A number of processes based on this principle were in use, and is still operated for short run quality printing. Collotype prints show a well-defined, very characteristic irregular grain pattern when magnified.
 

Photogravure:
A form of photoengraving in which the photograph or illustration is reproduced on an intaglio surface and then transferred to paper.

 
http://www.lahuffman.com/collotype.htm
 
Example:
Rocky Roost Postcard.  "Madison, Wis. The Rocky Roost In Lake Mendota." Back: "The Hugh C. Leighton Co., Manufacturers, Portland, ME., U.S.A. (#) 15040. Made In Germany." PM 7/29/14. Circa 1909. There seems to be a mix of different processes. The sky has a definite cyan (blue) halftone dot pattern, used in today’s printing process. But this process appears only in the sky. The rest of the postcard, including the water in the bottom half, is printed in color using a cellotype, photogravure or lithograph process, a more uneven "dot" process. Under magnification, it appears that the magenta (red), cyan (blue) and yellow plates most resemble the cellotype process. The black plate is a very fine photogravure process printed over the three other colors. Printed in Germany. The Hugh C. Leighton Co. manufactured postcards from 1906-1909. They merged with Valentine & Sons in 1909. 5.4 x 3.4. See below. See our Wright Study of Rocky Roost.
 
Rocky Roost Postcard.  Detail of image above. Circa 1909. There seems to be a mix of different processes. The sky has a definite cyan (blue) halftone dot pattern, used in today’s printing process. But this process appears only in the sky. The rest of the postcard, including the water in the bottom half, is printed in color using a cellotype, photogravure or lithograph process, a more uneven "dot" process. Under magnification, it appears that the magenta (red), cyan (blue) and yellow plates most resemble the cellotype process. The black plate is a very fine photogravure process printed over the three other colors. Printed in Germany. See our Wright Study of Rocky Roost.
 
   
   

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